Structural Modeling
to Optimise Basin Analysis
Armelle Kloppenburg, Alan Gibbs, and Serena Jones
Midland Valley Exploration, 144 West George Street, G2 2HG, Glasgow, UK
The process of developing a geometrically valid description of structures such as stratigraphic beds, folds, faults and fractures and understanding the development of these structures in 3D space and through time is one key component of structural modeling
today. This process may be used to sequentially restore or forward model deformation due to folding, and/or faulting. At present, this type of structural
modeling
is done digitally either in 2D or 3D space using a series of restoration algorithms to mimic rock deformation processes in compressional, extensional, strike-slip and salt tectonic settings. The
modeling
is applicable from regional to reservoir scale.
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If a
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2Inclusion of the 4th dimension: Time
Understanding of the present and past geometry of horizons and key structures as well as the timing of deformation minimizes structural geometric risk. It aids in the identification of key controlling parameters such as geometrically focused flows, fault seal variation ‘Fault thieving’, reservoir compartmentalization by fault and/or fracture development, and kitchen extent. Perform sequential restorations either in 2D or 3D depending on the style of deformation.
3Integration of the basin model with other aspects of the hydrocarbon system
Structurally valid paleo-surfaces and paleo-volumes allow sediment pathway analysis. This approach when integrated with depositional environment models provides additional value to trap, charge and focussed flow
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4Optimization of the design for your basin
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Knowledge and analysis of present and past geometries, structural style and development, orientations, amplitudes and wavelengths of the main structures, structural trend, and tectonic transport direction allows you to optimize the location selection of a 1D study, the orientation of a 2D study, helps to identify the key parameters for risking.
AAPG Search and Discover Article #90066©2007 AAPG Hedberg Conference, The Hague, The Netherlands