Abstract: Organic Geochemical Characterization of Key Source Facies in the Green River Petroleum System, Uinta Basin, Utah.
RUBLE, T. E., CSIRO Division of Petroleum Resources; R. P. PHILP, University of Oklahoma; M. D. LEWAN, U.S. Geological Survey; and E. MUELLER, University of Oklahoma
The Uinta Basin and the Greets River Formation contained therein have historically been the focus of numerous geologic and organic geochemical studies characterizing the classic Type I lacustrine kerogen in source beds such as the mahogany shale. In contrast to most of these investigations, the objective of the present study was to examine select source facies from a broad range of stratigraphic units within the Tertiary section. Particular attention was placed on the basal unit of the Green River Formation, informally designated as the black shalt facies. This basal unit is thought to be responsible for most oil generation in the Uinta Basin, yet source rocks in this sequence have never been examined by modern organic geochemical techniques.
Key organic-rich units from the Green River Formation have been
declined its terms of their unique depositional and source
characteristics. Elemental analyses show that the basal black shale
facies kerogen contains an unusually high organosulfur content and
extractable hydrocarbons are relatively enriched in paraffins and
depleted in·b-carotane. A depositional model for this source
rock proposes development of a nearshore benthic
algal mat with
preservation of algal lipid components via reaction with inorganic
sulfur species produced by bacterial sulfate reduction. In
contrast, other oil shale facies (mahogany shale, carbonate marker)
show geochemical characteristic consistent with an offshore open
lacustine depositional model involving preservation of degraded
algal biopolymers and bacterial biomass in the anoxic bottom waters
of a large perennially stratified lake. Additional source facies
examined include a vitrinite-rich paludal coal with an extremely
high oil generative potential and a sulfur-rich open lacustrine oil
shale having distinctive geochemical characteristics associated
with hypersaline deposition.
AAPG Search and Discovery Article #90937©1998 AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition, Salt Lake City, Utah